😵💫Delirium (not to be confused with dementia) is a temporary, serious alteration in mental state. Patients typically struggle with thinking clearly and have a reduced awareness of the environment. This state of confusion and disorientation typcally lasts hours to days, depending on the cause. 🤔 There are a variety of causes of delirium, ranging from … Continue reading Causes of Delirium
❤️🩹A cardiac arrest occurs due to a sudden loss of blood flow due to the heart being unable to pump effectively. Patients typically present with loss of consciousness and abnormal/absent breathing. They may experience chest pain, fatigue, dizziness and vomiting. It is important to recognise these symptoms quickly to administer basic life support, including CPR. … Continue reading Reversible Causes of Cardiac Arrest
🔥Hyperthyroidism, also known as an overactive thyroid, occurs when the thyroid releases high levels of thyroid hormone into the body. This results in an increased metabolism, causing a range of signs and symptoms. 💦 A useful mnemomic to remember the features of hyperthyroidism is 'SWEATING'. It stands for: SweatingWeight lossEmotional labilityAppetite increasedTremor/ tachycardiaIntolerance of heat/ … Continue reading Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism
🍺 Chronic liver disease is any disease of the liver lasting over 6 months. There are a range of pathologies including liver cirrosis, cancer and inflammation. 🍷Some of the signs of chronic liver disease are associated with the disease itself, while others are associated with decompensation. Signs can be remembered using the mnemonic ABCDEFGHIJ, which … Continue reading Symptoms of Chronic Liver Disease
Definition Constellation of signs and symptoms caused by hypersecretion of GH in adultsExcess GH before puberty results in GIGANTISM Aetiology/Risk factors Most cases are caused by a GH-secreting pituitary adenomaRARELY caused by excess GHRH causing somatotroph hyperplasia from hypothalamic ganglioneuroma, bronchial carcinoid or pancreatic tumours Epidemiology RARE (5/1,000,000)Age affected: 40-50 yrs Presenting symptoms Very gradual progression of symptoms over many … Continue reading Acromegaly
🫀Atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia that can be identified on an ECG as an irregularly irregular narrow complex tachycardia with no P waves. There are three main aspects to managing atrial fibrillation: (1) rate control, (2) rhythm control and (3) stroke risk management 🏃♂️Rate control is usually achieved by using beta-blockers (e.g. bisoprolol). … Continue reading Management of atrial fibrillation
🤖 Use the mnemonic 'DARTH VADER' to remember the complications that occur after a myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack.
🔥The Rule of Nines, also known as the Wallace Rule of Nines, is a commonly used tool in trauma and emergency medicine. It is used to assess the total body surface area (BSA) affected in patients following burns. Assessing the initial surface area affected is important for estimating fluid resuscitation requirements since patients with severe … Continue reading Wallace Rules of Nines
6️⃣ The 'Sepsis Six’ is the a group of 6 therapies used in patients that have sepsis to reduce the chance of mortality. Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body responds to infection and causes tissue/organ damage as a side effect. Common signs pointing towards a diagnosis of sepsis include fever, fast … Continue reading Sepsis Six
🩸Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) occurs as a complication of treating cancer. It causes a range of metabolic abnormalities due to large amounts of tumour cells being killed at the same time and causing them to release their contents into the bloodstream. It is most common after treatment of blood cancers, such as lymphomas and leukaemias. … Continue reading Tumour lysis syndrome
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